<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>
<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/">
  <channel>
    <title>UAV · 仁才德</title>
    <link>https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/zh-cn/tags/uav/</link>
    <description>关于软件工程与研发团队领导力的短文——绩效评估、招聘与团队扩张、CI/CD、DevOps 监控、智能体 AI。写于首尔。</description>
    <generator>Hugo</generator>
    <language>zh-CN</language>
    <copyright>© 2026 仁才德</copyright>
    <lastBuildDate>Wed, 28 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +1300</lastBuildDate>
    <atom:link href="https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/zh-cn/tags/uav/index.xml" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
    <item>
      <title>无人机（UAV）网络：5G 里的无人机，以及无人机机场该建在哪</title>
      <link>https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/zh-cn/posts/2019/2019-01-26-dronesandstuff/</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/zh-cn/posts/2019/2019-01-26-dronesandstuff/</guid>
      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Apr 2019 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <dc:creator>Jared Lynskey</dc:creator>
      <category>UAV</category>
      <category>Drones</category>
      <category>Wireless Networks</category>
      <category>5G</category>
      <category>Research</category>
      <description>什么是无人机网络：无人机在 5G 无线网络里怎么充当空中基站，又怎么作为空中用户接入网络；两篇对我影响很大的论文，以及我自己关于无人机机场选址的研究。</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>无人机网络（UAV 网络）指的是有无人机参与的无线网络，参与方式大致有两种：一种是无人机充当空中基站或中继，把覆盖和容量送到地面网络够不着、或者扛不住的地方；另一种是无人机本身作为空中用户，像手机一样接入蜂窝网络，网络得在三维空间里为它们服务。</p>

<h2 class="relative group">背景
    <div id="背景" class="anchor"></div>
    
    <span
        class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
        <a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%e8%83%8c%e6%99%af" aria-label="锚点">#</a>
    </span>
    
</h2>
<p>自从有了平价无人机，用的人一直在增加，主要因为它机动性强，能干各种别的办法不好干的空中活儿。眼下5G近在眼前，研究者们正在找更好的办法安排无人机的位置，不管是在空中飞的时候，还是两次飞行之间停在地面的时候。位置摆对了，蜂窝连接质量会更好，空中用户设备和地面设备之间的平均延迟也能降下来。</p>

<h2 class="relative group"><a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1803.00680.pdf"  target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">A Tutorial on UAVs for Wireless Networks: Applications, Challenges, and Open Problems</a>
    <div id="a-tutorial-on-uavs-for-wireless-networks-applications-challenges-and-open-problems" class="anchor"></div>
    
    <span
        class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
        <a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#a-tutorial-on-uavs-for-wireless-networks-applications-challenges-and-open-problems" aria-label="锚点">#</a>
    </span>
    
</h2>

<h3 class="relative group">UAV的类型
    <div id="uav的类型" class="anchor"></div>
    
    <span
        class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
        <a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#uav%e7%9a%84%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b" aria-label="锚点">#</a>
    </span>
    
</h3>
<p><figure><span class="mc-img" style="--lqip:url('data:image/webp;base64,UklGRuIAAABXRUJQVlA4INYAAAAQBwCdASogAB0APwVepEeloiGb+qwAWxBE9IAECudSvd08N60CSRoeHXv6Xu9QYcR+cvqaLVDLz3lvg6Hg/0ekAAD+9+kuPYFMzi20vG4lEu61apqJSC8Os2/h0QYkk+dtMPrbkXV9WkD+FgTx1JSgsMGMPw4WNWe9xagxWykjkB/142WVKtTIoK4hQhtfeJzer9gwtp1Yg2CTcrdMTA7WBu4GQyUpuDsJLrDP7ex4mRkQgCgG/UH+BrV4eElecsZztyG1poGMId96OAPli9Ad0LNy3YAA')"><img
    class="my-0 rounded-md"
    loading="lazy"
    decoding="async"
    fetchpriority="auto"
    alt="无人机分类"
    width="674"
    height="617"
    src="https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/img/posts/drones/typesofdrones_hu_2e556dd88573eba4.webp"
    srcset="https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/img/posts/drones/typesofdrones_hu_2e556dd88573eba4.webp 800w, https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/img/posts/drones/typesofdrones_hu_2e556dd88573eba4.webp 1280w"
    sizes="(min-width: 768px) 50vw, 65vw"
    data-zoom-src="https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/img/posts/drones/typesofdrones_hu_2e556dd88573eba4.webp"></span></figure>
</p>
<p>论文[1]用一张树状图给UAV分类，一层层分到各个子类。</p>
<p><figure><span class="mc-img" style="--lqip:url('data:image/webp;base64,UklGRmoAAABXRUJQVlA4IF4AAADwAwCdASogAAgAPw1mpkemIqGYBABjEMT0gAAzNpjR8uhHQKdmZPmsAP7qpiyVkPAkZHI5rBbHE+Y9h18JFzbOOgSR+U+/qhhcnoSIKrS8Hv0Na5lcdZaMqP0lHAAA')"><img
    class="my-0 rounded-md"
    loading="lazy"
    decoding="async"
    fetchpriority="auto"
    alt="无人机分类"
    width="808"
    height="199"
    src="https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/img/posts/drones/classofdrones_hu_665185a1b98d04bf.webp"
    srcset="https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/img/posts/drones/classofdrones_hu_665185a1b98d04bf.webp 800w, https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/img/posts/drones/classofdrones_hu_b49f029e7e0c8d8e.webp 1280w"
    sizes="(min-width: 768px) 50vw, 65vw"
    data-zoom-src="https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/img/posts/drones/classofdrones_hu_b49f029e7e0c8d8e.webp"></span></figure>
</p>

<h2 class="relative group"><a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1805.06532.pdf"  target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Beyond 5G with UAVs: Foundations of a 3D Wireless Cellular Network</a>
    <div id="beyond-5g-with-uavs-foundations-of-a-3d-wireless-cellular-network" class="anchor"></div>
    
    <span
        class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
        <a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#beyond-5g-with-uavs-foundations-of-a-3d-wireless-cellular-network" aria-label="锚点">#</a>
    </span>
    
</h2>

<h3 class="relative group">简介
    <div id="简介" class="anchor"></div>
    
    <span
        class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
        <a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%e7%ae%80%e4%bb%8b" aria-label="锚点">#</a>
    </span>
    
</h3>
<ul>
<li>无人机大规模投入使用，会给无线网络带来很大影响。</li>
<li>应用场景包括热成像、包裹递送、空中基站。</li>
<li>这篇论文研究的是3D空间里的低空无人机用户设备，由高空平台（飞艇这类UAV）上的接入点为它们提供服务。</li>
</ul>

<h3 class="relative group">背景
    <div id="背景-1" class="anchor"></div>
    
    <span
        class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
        <a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%e8%83%8c%e6%99%af-1" aria-label="锚点">#</a>
    </span>
    
</h3>
<ul>
<li>以往的研究忽视了无人机本身在飞行中作为用户设备（UE）的情况。</li>
<li>关于无人机网络用户关联的已有研究，都没有考虑空中基站。</li>
</ul>

<h3 class="relative group">系统模型
    <div id="系统模型" class="anchor"></div>
    
    <span
        class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
        <a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b" aria-label="锚点">#</a>
    </span>
    
</h3>
<ul>
<li>两类无人机：高空无人机充当接入点，服务低空的用户设备无人机。</li>
</ul>
<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1805.06532.pdf">
![系统模型](/img/posts/drones/systemmodel.jpg)
</a>

<h2 class="relative group">运输理论
    <div id="运输理论" class="anchor"></div>
    
    <span
        class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
        <a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%e8%bf%90%e8%be%93%e7%90%86%e8%ae%ba" aria-label="锚点">#</a>
    </span>
    
</h2>
<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1805.06532.pdf">
![系统过程](/img/posts/drones/model.jpg)
</a>
- 作者用最优运输理论来决定每台无人机UE接入哪个空中基站。仿真结果显示，相比经典的基于SINR的关联方式，平均延迟最多能降低46%。

<h2 class="relative group">我的研究
    <div id="我的研究" class="anchor"></div>
    
    <span
        class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
        <a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%e6%88%91%e7%9a%84%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6" aria-label="锚点">#</a>
    </span>
    
</h2>

<h3 class="relative group"><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/1/118/pdf"  target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Facility Location Problem Approach for Distributed Drones</a>
    <div id="facility-location-problem-approach-for-distributed-drones" class="anchor"></div>
    
    <span
        class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
        <a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#facility-location-problem-approach-for-distributed-drones" aria-label="锚点">#</a>
    </span>
    
</h3>
<p>这篇论文从两个空白出发：政府和航空管理部门迟早会限制无人机能起降的地方，而现有的无人机研究大多直接假定无人机从哪里出发，却不说明理由。于是我们提出了无人机机场，也就是供无人机起降和充电的固定地点，再加上一个从设施选址问题推导出来的算法：从一组候选位置里选出机场，让无人机飞到区域内各个任务点的平均距离最短。它给出的是接近最优的布点，能降低无人机的整体能耗。之后我们又用了几种旅行商问题算法，求出无人机走完所有任务点的最短路线。</p>
<p><figure><span class="mc-img"><img
    class="my-0 rounded-md"
    loading="lazy"
    decoding="async"
    fetchpriority="auto"
    alt="无人机机场布点"
    width="960"
    height="720"
    src="https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/img/posts/drones/droneportplacement_hu_8a94891646f0e7cb.webp"
    srcset="https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/img/posts/drones/droneportplacement_hu_8a94891646f0e7cb.webp 800w, https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/img/posts/drones/droneportplacement_hu_7d7848c7ddbfb52.webp 1280w"
    sizes="(min-width: 768px) 50vw, 65vw"
    data-zoom-src="https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/img/posts/drones/droneportplacement_hu_7d7848c7ddbfb52.webp"></span></figure>
</p>
<p>上图展示的就是这个想法：把无人机机场设在需求高的区域。大的彩色机场是被选为最优的布点，小的灰色机场是候选位置里没被选上的那些。</p>

<h3 class="relative group"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facility_location_problem"  target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">设施选址问题</a>
    <div id="设施选址问题" class="anchor"></div>
    
    <span
        class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
        <a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%e8%ae%be%e6%96%bd%e9%80%89%e5%9d%80%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98" aria-label="锚点">#</a>
    </span>
    
</h3>
<p>套用设施选址问题，无人机机场的布点就变成了一个优化问题：给定预算和一组候选位置，找出最合适的建站地点。</p>

<h2 class="relative group">参考文献
    <div id="参考文献" class="anchor"></div>
    
    <span
        class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
        <a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%e5%8f%82%e8%80%83%e6%96%87%e7%8c%ae" aria-label="锚点">#</a>
    </span>
    
</h2>
<p><a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1803.00680.pdf"  target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">[1] Mozaffari, Mohammad, et al. &ldquo;A tutorial on UAVs for wireless networks: Applications, challenges, and open problems.&rdquo; arXiv preprint arXiv:1803.00680 (2018).</a></p>
<p><a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1805.06532.pdf"  target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">[2] Mozaffari, Mohammad, et al. &ldquo;Beyond 5G with UAVs: Foundations of a 3D wireless cellular network.&rdquo; IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 18.1 (2019): 357-372.</a></p>
<p><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/1/118/pdf"  target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">[3] Lynskey, Jared, et al. &ldquo;Facility Location Problem Approach for Distributed Drones.&rdquo; Symmetry 11.1 (2019): 118.</a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
      <media:content url="https://jared.lynskey.co.nz/en/posts/2019/2019-01-26-dronesandstuff/featured.jpeg" medium="image" type="image/jpeg" />
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>
